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Skills-Learning-Path
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Cpp-Contents
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Cpp-Contents
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Algorithm
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CountSort.cpp
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Cpp-Contents
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Algorithm
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CountSort.cpp
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/*
****************
计数排序:统计小于等于该元素值的元素的个数i,于是该元素就放在目标数组的索引i位(i≥0)。
计数排序基于一个假设,待排序数列的所有数均为整数,且出现在(0,k)的区间之内。
如果 k(待排数组的最大值) 过大则会引起较大的空间复杂度,一般是用来排序 0 到 100 之间的数字的最好的算法,但是它不适合按字母顺序排序人名。
计数排序不是比较排序,排序的速度快于任何比较排序算法。
时间复杂度为 O(n+k),空间复杂度为 O(n+k)
算法的步骤如下:
1. 找出待排序的数组中最大和最小的元素
2. 统计数组中每个值为 i 的元素出现的次数,存入数组 C 的第 i 项
3. 对所有的计数累加(从 C 中的第一个元素开始,每一项和前一项相加)
4. 反向填充目标数组:将每个元素 i 放在新数组的第 C[i] 项,每放一个元素就将 C[i] 减去 1
****************
*/
#
include
<
iostream
>
#
include
<
vector
>
#
include
<
algorithm
>
using
namespace
std
;
//
计数排序
void
CountSort
(vector<
int
>& vecRaw, vector<
int
>& vecObj)
{
//
确保待排序容器非空
if
(vecRaw.
size
() ==
0
)
return
;
//
使用 vecRaw 的最大值 + 1 作为计数容器 countVec 的大小
int
vecCountLength = (*
max_element
(
begin
(vecRaw),
end
(vecRaw))) +
1
;
vector<
int
>
vecCount
(vecCountLength,
0
);
//
统计每个键值出现的次数
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < vecRaw.
size
(); i++)
vecCount[vecRaw[i]]++;
//
后面的键值出现的位置为前面所有键值出现的次数之和
for
(
int
i =
1
; i < vecCountLength; i++)
vecCount[i] += vecCount[i -
1
];
//
将键值放到目标位置
for
(
int
i = vecRaw.
size
(); i >
0
; i--)
//
此处逆序是为了保持相同键值的稳定性
vecObj[--vecCount[vecRaw[i -
1
]]] = vecRaw[i -
1
];
}
int
main
()
{
vector<
int
> vecRaw = {
0
,
5
,
7
,
9
,
6
,
3
,
4
,
5
,
2
,
8
,
6
,
9
,
2
,
1
};
vector<
int
>
vecObj
(vecRaw.
size
(),
0
);
CountSort
(vecRaw, vecObj);
for
(
int
i =
0
; i < vecObj.
size
(); ++i)
cout << vecObj[i] <<
"
"
;
cout << endl;
return
0
;
}
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